{
 "title": "TokenSave Language Tax Index: extra tokens per language on Claude, Gemini and GPT",
 "version": "1.0",
 "date": "2026-10-19",
 "url": "https://tokensave.app/data/language-tax-index",
 "license": "CC BY 4.0",
 "definition": "tax = tokens for the language / tokens for English on the same tokenizer - 1, in percent",
 "models": {
  "gemini": "Gemini 3.x",
  "gpt": "GPT (o200k, GPT-4o and later)",
  "claude55": "Claude Opus/Sonnet 5.5",
  "claude45": "Claude Haiku 4.5",
  "cl100k": "GPT-4 / GPT-3.5 (cl100k, legacy)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "gemini": {
   "label": "Gemini 3.x",
   "family": "Google",
   "current": true,
   "median": 41,
   "low": [
    0,
    "Chinese (Simplified)"
   ],
   "high": [
    153,
    "Punjabi"
   ],
   "en": 34
  },
  "gpt": {
   "label": "GPT (o200k, GPT-4o and later)",
   "family": "OpenAI",
   "current": true,
   "median": 52,
   "low": [
    3,
    "Chinese (Simplified)"
   ],
   "high": [
    144,
    "Punjabi"
   ],
   "en": 34
  },
  "claude55": {
   "label": "Claude Opus/Sonnet 5.5",
   "family": "Anthropic",
   "current": true,
   "median": 88,
   "low": [
    15,
    "Chinese (Simplified)"
   ],
   "high": [
    577,
    "Kannada"
   ],
   "en": 47
  },
  "claude45": {
   "label": "Claude Haiku 4.5",
   "family": "Anthropic",
   "current": true,
   "median": 108,
   "low": [
    40,
    "Spanish"
   ],
   "high": [
    809,
    "Kannada"
   ],
   "en": 35
  },
  "cl100k": {
   "label": "GPT-4 / GPT-3.5 (cl100k, legacy)",
   "family": "OpenAI",
   "current": false,
   "median": 129,
   "low": [
    29,
    "Spanish"
   ],
   "high": [
    909,
    "Malayalam"
   ],
   "en": 34
  }
 },
 "history": [
  {
   "version": "1.0",
   "date": "2026-10-19",
   "note": "First release: 41 languages × 4 current tokenizers plus the legacy GPT-4 tokenizer, from our 2026-09-30 and 2026-10-17 measurements."
  }
 ],
 "pending": [
  "Claude Haiku 5.5 (released 2026-10-07)"
 ],
 "sources": [
  "https://tokensave.app/data/token-cost-by-language",
  "https://tokensave.app/data/token-cost-by-language-claude-gemini",
  "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23427148",
  "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23428350"
 ],
 "citation": "TokenSave (2026). TokenSave Language Tax Index, version 1.0 (2026-10-19). https://tokensave.app/data/language-tax-index",
 "rows": [
  {
   "code": "en",
   "name": "English",
   "gemini": 34,
   "gemini_tax": 0,
   "gpt": 34,
   "gpt_tax": 0,
   "claude55": 47,
   "claude55_tax": 0,
   "claude45": 35,
   "claude45_tax": 0,
   "cl100k": 34,
   "cl100k_tax": 0
  },
  {
   "code": "zh-CN",
   "name": "Chinese (Simplified)",
   "gemini": 34,
   "gemini_tax": 0,
   "gpt": 35,
   "gpt_tax": 3,
   "claude55": 54,
   "claude55_tax": 15,
   "claude45": 54,
   "claude45_tax": 54,
   "cl100k": 52,
   "cl100k_tax": 53
  },
  {
   "code": "id",
   "name": "Indonesian",
   "gemini": 37,
   "gemini_tax": 9,
   "gpt": 39,
   "gpt_tax": 15,
   "claude55": 80,
   "claude55_tax": 70,
   "claude45": 56,
   "claude45_tax": 60,
   "cl100k": 47,
   "cl100k_tax": 38
  },
  {
   "code": "es",
   "name": "Spanish",
   "gemini": 38,
   "gemini_tax": 12,
   "gpt": 40,
   "gpt_tax": 18,
   "claude55": 69,
   "claude55_tax": 47,
   "claude45": 49,
   "claude45_tax": 40,
   "cl100k": 44,
   "cl100k_tax": 29
  },
  {
   "code": "pt",
   "name": "Portuguese",
   "gemini": 43,
   "gemini_tax": 26,
   "gpt": 41,
   "gpt_tax": 21,
   "claude55": 69,
   "claude55_tax": 47,
   "claude45": 54,
   "claude45_tax": 54,
   "cl100k": 48,
   "cl100k_tax": 41
  },
  {
   "code": "fa",
   "name": "Persian",
   "gemini": 39,
   "gemini_tax": 15,
   "gpt": 42,
   "gpt_tax": 24,
   "claude55": 92,
   "claude55_tax": 96,
   "claude45": 92,
   "claude45_tax": 163,
   "cl100k": 95,
   "cl100k_tax": 179
  },
  {
   "code": "ar",
   "name": "Arabic",
   "gemini": 48,
   "gemini_tax": 41,
   "gpt": 43,
   "gpt_tax": 26,
   "claude55": 89,
   "claude55_tax": 89,
   "claude45": 89,
   "claude45_tax": 154,
   "cl100k": 103,
   "cl100k_tax": 203
  },
  {
   "code": "de",
   "name": "German",
   "gemini": 46,
   "gemini_tax": 35,
   "gpt": 43,
   "gpt_tax": 26,
   "claude55": 95,
   "claude55_tax": 102,
   "claude45": 67,
   "claude45_tax": 91,
   "cl100k": 51,
   "cl100k_tax": 50
  },
  {
   "code": "nl",
   "name": "Dutch",
   "gemini": 50,
   "gemini_tax": 47,
   "gpt": 44,
   "gpt_tax": 29,
   "claude55": 81,
   "claude55_tax": 72,
   "claude45": 61,
   "claude45_tax": 74,
   "cl100k": 59,
   "cl100k_tax": 74
  },
  {
   "code": "fr",
   "name": "French",
   "gemini": 48,
   "gemini_tax": 41,
   "gpt": 44,
   "gpt_tax": 29,
   "claude55": 70,
   "claude55_tax": 49,
   "claude45": 59,
   "claude45_tax": 69,
   "cl100k": 49,
   "cl100k_tax": 44
  },
  {
   "code": "no",
   "name": "Norwegian",
   "gemini": 48,
   "gemini_tax": 41,
   "gpt": 45,
   "gpt_tax": 32,
   "claude55": 69,
   "claude55_tax": 47,
   "claude45": 55,
   "claude45_tax": 57,
   "cl100k": 53,
   "cl100k_tax": 56
  },
  {
   "code": "ru",
   "name": "Russian",
   "gemini": 43,
   "gemini_tax": 26,
   "gpt": 45,
   "gpt_tax": 32,
   "claude55": 71,
   "claude55_tax": 51,
   "claude45": 71,
   "claude45_tax": 103,
   "cl100k": 73,
   "cl100k_tax": 115
  },
  {
   "code": "sv",
   "name": "Swedish",
   "gemini": 47,
   "gemini_tax": 38,
   "gpt": 45,
   "gpt_tax": 32,
   "claude55": 67,
   "claude55_tax": 43,
   "claude45": 51,
   "claude45_tax": 46,
   "cl100k": 51,
   "cl100k_tax": 50
  },
  {
   "code": "zh-TW",
   "name": "Chinese (Traditional)",
   "gemini": 38,
   "gemini_tax": 12,
   "gpt": 46,
   "gpt_tax": 35,
   "claude55": 60,
   "claude55_tax": 28,
   "claude45": 60,
   "claude45_tax": 71,
   "cl100k": 72,
   "cl100k_tax": 112
  },
  {
   "code": "da",
   "name": "Danish",
   "gemini": 47,
   "gemini_tax": 38,
   "gpt": 46,
   "gpt_tax": 35,
   "claude55": 71,
   "claude55_tax": 51,
   "claude45": 56,
   "claude45_tax": 60,
   "cl100k": 54,
   "cl100k_tax": 59
  },
  {
   "code": "vi",
   "name": "Vietnamese",
   "gemini": 43,
   "gemini_tax": 26,
   "gpt": 46,
   "gpt_tax": 35,
   "claude55": 88,
   "claude55_tax": 87,
   "claude45": 82,
   "claude45_tax": 134,
   "cl100k": 79,
   "cl100k_tax": 132
  },
  {
   "code": "it",
   "name": "Italian",
   "gemini": 47,
   "gemini_tax": 38,
   "gpt": 47,
   "gpt_tax": 38,
   "claude55": 78,
   "claude55_tax": 66,
   "claude45": 57,
   "claude45_tax": 63,
   "cl100k": 54,
   "cl100k_tax": 59
  },
  {
   "code": "fi",
   "name": "Finnish",
   "gemini": 59,
   "gemini_tax": 74,
   "gpt": 49,
   "gpt_tax": 44,
   "claude55": 96,
   "claude55_tax": 104,
   "claude45": 70,
   "claude45_tax": 100,
   "cl100k": 69,
   "cl100k_tax": 103
  },
  {
   "code": "ko",
   "name": "Korean",
   "gemini": 48,
   "gemini_tax": 41,
   "gpt": 49,
   "gpt_tax": 44,
   "claude55": 89,
   "claude55_tax": 89,
   "claude45": 89,
   "claude45_tax": 154,
   "cl100k": 85,
   "cl100k_tax": 150
  },
  {
   "code": "tr",
   "name": "Turkish",
   "gemini": 46,
   "gemini_tax": 35,
   "gpt": 50,
   "gpt_tax": 47,
   "claude55": 90,
   "claude55_tax": 91,
   "claude45": 72,
   "claude45_tax": 106,
   "cl100k": 70,
   "cl100k_tax": 106
  },
  {
   "code": "hi",
   "name": "Hindi",
   "gemini": 41,
   "gemini_tax": 21,
   "gpt": 51,
   "gpt_tax": 50,
   "claude55": 110,
   "claude55_tax": 134,
   "claude45": 110,
   "claude45_tax": 214,
   "cl100k": 156,
   "cl100k_tax": 359
  },
  {
   "code": "fil",
   "name": "Filipino",
   "gemini": 53,
   "gemini_tax": 56,
   "gpt": 52,
   "gpt_tax": 53,
   "claude55": 84,
   "claude55_tax": 79,
   "claude45": 60,
   "claude45_tax": 71,
   "cl100k": 60,
   "cl100k_tax": 76
  },
  {
   "code": "ro",
   "name": "Romanian",
   "gemini": 52,
   "gemini_tax": 53,
   "gpt": 52,
   "gpt_tax": 53,
   "claude55": 74,
   "claude55_tax": 57,
   "claude45": 59,
   "claude45_tax": 69,
   "cl100k": 60,
   "cl100k_tax": 76
  },
  {
   "code": "he",
   "name": "Hebrew",
   "gemini": 61,
   "gemini_tax": 79,
   "gpt": 53,
   "gpt_tax": 56,
   "claude55": 86,
   "claude55_tax": 83,
   "claude45": 86,
   "claude45_tax": 146,
   "cl100k": 128,
   "cl100k_tax": 276
  },
  {
   "code": "gu",
   "name": "Gujarati",
   "gemini": 56,
   "gemini_tax": 65,
   "gpt": 54,
   "gpt_tax": 59,
   "claude55": 142,
   "claude55_tax": 202,
   "claude45": 142,
   "claude45_tax": 306,
   "cl100k": 244,
   "cl100k_tax": 618
  },
  {
   "code": "ur",
   "name": "Urdu",
   "gemini": 48,
   "gemini_tax": 41,
   "gpt": 54,
   "gpt_tax": 59,
   "claude55": 116,
   "claude55_tax": 147,
   "claude45": 116,
   "claude45_tax": 231,
   "cl100k": 144,
   "cl100k_tax": 324
  },
  {
   "code": "mr",
   "name": "Marathi",
   "gemini": 42,
   "gemini_tax": 24,
   "gpt": 56,
   "gpt_tax": 65,
   "claude55": 124,
   "claude55_tax": 164,
   "claude45": 124,
   "claude45_tax": 254,
   "cl100k": 167,
   "cl100k_tax": 391
  },
  {
   "code": "bn",
   "name": "Bengali",
   "gemini": 39,
   "gemini_tax": 15,
   "gpt": 57,
   "gpt_tax": 68,
   "claude55": 142,
   "claude55_tax": 202,
   "claude45": 142,
   "claude45_tax": 306,
   "cl100k": 207,
   "cl100k_tax": 509
  },
  {
   "code": "hu",
   "name": "Hungarian",
   "gemini": 64,
   "gemini_tax": 88,
   "gpt": 59,
   "gpt_tax": 74,
   "claude55": 88,
   "claude55_tax": 87,
   "claude45": 69,
   "claude45_tax": 97,
   "cl100k": 77,
   "cl100k_tax": 126
  },
  {
   "code": "th",
   "name": "Thai",
   "gemini": 46,
   "gemini_tax": 35,
   "gpt": 59,
   "gpt_tax": 74,
   "claude55": 119,
   "claude55_tax": 153,
   "claude45": 119,
   "claude45_tax": 240,
   "cl100k": 126,
   "cl100k_tax": 271
  },
  {
   "code": "ja",
   "name": "Japanese",
   "gemini": 46,
   "gemini_tax": 35,
   "gpt": 61,
   "gpt_tax": 79,
   "claude55": 71,
   "claude55_tax": 51,
   "claude45": 71,
   "claude45_tax": 103,
   "cl100k": 75,
   "cl100k_tax": 121
  },
  {
   "code": "kn",
   "name": "Kannada",
   "gemini": 58,
   "gemini_tax": 71,
   "gpt": 61,
   "gpt_tax": 79,
   "claude55": 318,
   "claude55_tax": 577,
   "claude45": 318,
   "claude45_tax": 809,
   "cl100k": 318,
   "cl100k_tax": 835
  },
  {
   "code": "ml",
   "name": "Malayalam",
   "gemini": 65,
   "gemini_tax": 91,
   "gpt": 63,
   "gpt_tax": 85,
   "claude55": 212,
   "claude55_tax": 351,
   "claude45": 212,
   "claude45_tax": 506,
   "cl100k": 343,
   "cl100k_tax": 909
  },
  {
   "code": "pl",
   "name": "Polish",
   "gemini": 58,
   "gemini_tax": 71,
   "gpt": 64,
   "gpt_tax": 88,
   "claude55": 94,
   "claude55_tax": 100,
   "claude45": 73,
   "claude45_tax": 109,
   "cl100k": 72,
   "cl100k_tax": 112
  },
  {
   "code": "uk",
   "name": "Ukrainian",
   "gemini": 59,
   "gemini_tax": 74,
   "gpt": 64,
   "gpt_tax": 88,
   "claude55": 80,
   "claude55_tax": 70,
   "claude45": 80,
   "claude45_tax": 129,
   "cl100k": 107,
   "cl100k_tax": 215
  },
  {
   "code": "ta",
   "name": "Tamil",
   "gemini": 52,
   "gemini_tax": 53,
   "gpt": 67,
   "gpt_tax": 97,
   "claude55": 176,
   "claude55_tax": 274,
   "claude45": 176,
   "claude45_tax": 403,
   "cl100k": 288,
   "cl100k_tax": 747
  },
  {
   "code": "cs",
   "name": "Czech",
   "gemini": 63,
   "gemini_tax": 85,
   "gpt": 68,
   "gpt_tax": 100,
   "claude55": 86,
   "claude55_tax": 83,
   "claude45": 70,
   "claude45_tax": 100,
   "cl100k": 88,
   "cl100k_tax": 159
  },
  {
   "code": "sk",
   "name": "Slovak",
   "gemini": 65,
   "gemini_tax": 91,
   "gpt": 68,
   "gpt_tax": 100,
   "claude55": 91,
   "claude55_tax": 94,
   "claude45": 73,
   "claude45_tax": 109,
   "cl100k": 86,
   "cl100k_tax": 153
  },
  {
   "code": "te",
   "name": "Telugu",
   "gemini": 63,
   "gemini_tax": 85,
   "gpt": 69,
   "gpt_tax": 103,
   "claude55": 158,
   "claude55_tax": 236,
   "claude45": 158,
   "claude45_tax": 351,
   "cl100k": 319,
   "cl100k_tax": 838
  },
  {
   "code": "el",
   "name": "Greek",
   "gemini": 69,
   "gemini_tax": 103,
   "gpt": 70,
   "gpt_tax": 106,
   "claude55": 117,
   "claude55_tax": 149,
   "claude45": 117,
   "claude45_tax": 234,
   "cl100k": 168,
   "cl100k_tax": 394
  },
  {
   "code": "pa",
   "name": "Punjabi",
   "gemini": 86,
   "gemini_tax": 153,
   "gpt": 83,
   "gpt_tax": 144,
   "claude55": 316,
   "claude55_tax": 572,
   "claude45": 316,
   "claude45_tax": 803,
   "cl100k": 252,
   "cl100k_tax": 641
  }
 ]
}